CONTRIBUTION TO CALCULATING THE IMPEDANCE OF GROUNDING ELECTRODES USING CIRCUIT EQUIVALENTS

Andrijana Kuhar, Leonid Grcev

DOI Number
10.2298/FUEE1604721K
First page
721
Last page
732

Abstract


In this paper the dynamic behavior of grounding electrodes is investigated by calculating their impedance to ground. The calculations are performed by implementing popular modelling approaches including circuit, transmission line, and electromagnetic field (EMF) model. The attention of this paper is given to the circuit based (CBM) method. The results from the rigorous EMF model are used as reference in the process of validity range determination of the other models. Numerically obtained curves for the frequency-dependent impedance to ground are presented in several figures for various electrode lengths and soil characteristics.


Keywords

equivalent circuits, EMF model, grounding electrode, impedance

Full Text:

PDF

References


A. Kuhar and L. Grcev, ”Calculating the impedance of grounding electrodes using circuit equivalents”, In Proc. of the 12th International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics - ПЕС 2015, Niš, Serbia, 2015.

R. Velazquez and D. Mukhedkar, ”Analytical modelling of grounding electrodes transient behavior”, IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 103, pp. 1314-1322, 1984.

F. Napolitano, M. Paolone, A. Borghetti, C. A. Nucci, F. Rachidi, V. A. Rakov, J. Schoene and M. A. Uman, “Interaction Between Grounding Systems and Nearby Lightning for the Calculation of Overvoltages in Overhead Distribution Lines”, IEEE Trondheim PowerTech, 2011.

P. Yutthagowith, A. Ametani: “Application of a hybrid electromagnetic circuit method to lightning surge analysis”, IEEE Trondheim PowerTech, 2011.

A. F Otero, J. Cidras and J. L. Alemo, ”Frequency-dependent grounding system calculation by means of a conventional nodal analysis technique” IEEE Transactions on power delivery, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 873-878, 1999.

L. Grcev and M. Popov, ”On high-frequency circuit equivalents of a vertical ground rod”, IEEE Transactions on power delivery, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1598-1603, 2005.

R. Jankoski, A. Kuhar and L. Grcev, “Application of the electric circuit approach in the analysis of grounding conductors”, In Proc. of the 5th International Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics – SAEM'2014, Skopje, Macedonia, 2014.

S. Visacro, F.H. Silveira, “Evaluation of current distribution along the lightning discharge channel by a hybrid electromagnetic model”, Journal of Electrostatics, vol. 60, pp. 111-120, 2004.

V. Arnautovski-Toseva, L. Grcev, “Electromagnetic Analysis of Horizontal Wire in Two-layered Soil”, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol. 168, no. 1-2, pp. 21-29, 2004.

A. Kuhar, L. Ololoska-Gagoska and L. Grcev, “Numerical analysis of complex grounding systems using circuit based method”, In Proc. of the XII International Conference – ETAI, Ohrid, Macedonia, 2015.

R. Rudenberg, Electrical shock waves in power systems, Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1968.

S. Bourg, B. Sacepe and T. Debu, “Deep earth electrodes in highly resistive ground: Frequency behavior”, In Proc. of the IEEE Int. Symp. Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1995, pp. 584-589.

L. Grcev, B. Markovski, V. Arnautovski-Toseva, A. Kuhar, K. El Khamlichi Drissi, K. Kerroum: ”Modeling of horizontal grounding electrodes for lightning studies”, In Proc. of the European electromagnetics, EUROEM 2012, Toulouse, France, July 2-6, 2012.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 0353-3670 (Print)

ISSN: 2217-5997 (Online)

COBISS.SR-ID 12826626