BUBANJ MEMORIAL PARK: A MEMORIAL TO THE VICTIMS OF NAZI TERROR AND MASS EXECUTIONS IN WORLD WAR II

Aleksandra Mirić, Filip Mirić

DOI Number
https://doi.org/10.22190/FULP221205012M
First page
125
Last page
136

Abstract


The "Bubanj" Memorial complex, locate on Bubanj Hill at the outskirts of Niš, was built with the aim of marking the site of mass executions of the innocent victims of Nazism in the Second World War. It is a symbol of suffering but also of resistance, struggle and desire for freedom, embodied in the symbolic depiction of three huge clenched fists. The "Three fists” symbolize resistance and defiance against fascism. They are a recurrent reminder of the importance of freedom as the supreme human value. The paper first briefly presents the eugenics policy, which was the ideological basis of Nazism and ferocious Nazi crimes. Then, the authors outline the historical circumstances leading to the establishment of the Concentration Camp Crveni krst in Niš and Bubanj Hill as the execution site. The central part of the paper focuses on the construction of the Bubanj memorial complex, its importance in the post-war Yugoslav society, and its current position on the cultural map of Serbia. While calling attention to the agony sustained by victims of Nazi terror in these parts of Serbia, the authors highlight the strength and resilience of the people who endeavored to preserve and defend freedom and right to dignified life as ultimate human values.


Keywords

Bubanj Memorial Park, "Three fists" monument, mass executions, World War II

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andrejević, B. (1975). Spomen park Bubanj kod Niša, stanje i problemi (Bubanj Memorial Park Niš: current state of affairs and problems), 10. jun 1975, Arhiva Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture Niš.

Bajić, M. (ed.) (1968). Jugoslavija: Spomenici Revoluciji (Yugoslavia: Monuments to the Revolution), Beograd, Sarajevo: SUBNOR Jugoslavije i Svjetlost, 1968

Konstantinović-Vilić, S., Nikolić-Ristanović, V. (1998) Kriminologija (Criminology), Niš: Studentski kulturni centar.

Kostić, M. (2011). Ranija periodizacija razvoja kriminologije u Nemačkoj, Uvod u pravo Nemačke (Former periodization of the development of criminology in Germany, Introduction to German law), Beograd: Institut za uporedno pravo.

Milovanović, M. (1975). Osnovno školstvo Niša i okoline u 19. i početkom 20. veka (Primary Education in Niš and its surroundings in the 19th and early 20th centuries), Gradina, Niš.

Milovanović, M. (1983). Nemački koncentracioni logor na Crvenom krstu i streljanja na Bubnju (The German Concentration camp “Crveni Krst” and the shootings on Bubanj Hill), Beograd- Niš: Institut za savremenu istoriju,Narodna Knjiga, Beograd, 1983

Mirić, F. (2015). Ideološki okvir stradanja osoba sa invaliditetom u Drugom svetskom ratu (Ideological framework of suffering of people with disabilities in the World War II), Peščanik, 13(13), 114-121.

Ozimić, N. (2011). Logor na Crvenom krstu (Concetration Camp “Crveni Krst” Niš), Niš: Narodni muzej Niš; http://narodnimuzejnis.rs/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/logor-na-crvenom-krstu.pdf

Ozimić N., Dinčić, A., Simović B., Gruden Milentijević I., Mitić, I. (2014). Žrtve Lager Niša (1941-1944) (Lager Niš Victims), Niš: Niški kulturni centar, Narodni muzej Niš.

Rafter, N. (2008) Criminology’s Darkest Hour: Biocriminology in Nazi Germany, The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, vol. 41, no. 2, 2018, pp. 287-306.

Rafter, N., Posick Ch., Rocque M. (2016). The Criminal Brain: Understanding Biological Theories of Crime (2nd edition), New York University Press, New York, 2016 https://s3.amazonaws.com/supadu-imgix/ingram-nyu/pdfs/introduction/9781479894697_intro.pdf

Sabolić, I. (1961). Obrazloženje projekta spomenika na Bubnju (The Bubanj Memorial Project Elaboration), Zagreb: Zavičajni muzej Ivana Sabolića, Koprivnica, Hrvatska

Vujaklija, M. (1986) Rečnik stranih reči i izraza (Dictionary of foreign words and phrases), Beograd: Prosveta.

Documentary Sources and Newspaper Articles

Izvestaj Gradskog povereništva zemaljske komisije Srbije za utvrđivanje zločina okupatora i njegovih pomagača (Report of the City Commission of the National Investigative Commission for SR Serbia on War Crimes committed by the Occupation and Collaboration Forces), br. 552 od 22. februara 1945.god, Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture Niš (ZZSK) Niš.

Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture Niš (1979): Rešenje Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture Niš br. 695/1, 30.05.1973 (Decision of the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments Niš), Službeni glasnik SRS 14/79.

Narodne novine (1954). Prvi konkurs za spomenik na Bubnju nije uspeo (The first public call for the Bubanj monument was unsuccessful), Narodne novine (newspaper), 24. jul 1954, Niš, p. 1.

Narodne novine (1959). Ocenjeni radovi sa konkursa za podizanje spomenika na Bubnju. (Evaluated projects from the public call for the Bubanj monument), Narodne novine, 27. jun 1959, p. 1.

Narodne novine (1963). Završni radovi na bubanjskom spomeniku uspešno se odvijaju (Final works on the Bubanj monument are underway), Narodne novine, 14. septembar 1963, p. 1

Narodne novine (1963). Spomenik u brojkama (Monument in numbers), Narodne novine, 12. oktobar 1963, p. 3.

Niške vesti (2017): Spomen-park Bubanj zablistao (Bubanj Memorial Park shines), M. Vodeničarski, 17. 10.2017; https://niskevesti.rs/spomen-park-bubanj-zablistao/




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22190/FULP221205012M

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN 1450-5517 (Print)
ISSN 2406-1786 (Online)