DIGITAL LEARNING IN LEGAL EDUCATION: EDUCATIONAL POLICIES, PRACTICES, AND POTENTIALS OF PEDAGOGY-DRIVEN DIGITAL INTEGRATION

Gordana Ignjatović

DOI Number
https://doi.org/10.22190/FULP240305003I
First page
025
Last page
046

Abstract


This review research paper provides an insight into the broad framework of Digital Learning. The first part of the paper presents the conceptual, structural and pedagogical framework of Digital Learning, with reference to global, regional and national policies, instruction models and underlying digital integration processes. The second part examines Digital Learning in legal education and practices in developed countries, in Serbia, and at the Faculty of Law, University of Niš, before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the research findings and experiences from the first e-learning experience at the LF Niš (March 2020-May 2022), the author provides a brief analysis of Digital Learning and outlines the opportunities for a systemic integration of flexible Digital Learning formats into the contemporary legal education for academic, professional and work-related training purposes.


Keywords

Digital Learning, policies, legal education, practice, pedagogy, integrated instructional design

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bates, A.W. (2019). Teaching in a Digital Age: Guidelines for designing teaching and learning (2nd ed), Tony Bates Associates Ltd., Vancouver, B.C.; https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/teachinginadigitalagev2

Brooks, Ch. D., McCormack M. (2020). Driving Digital Transformation in Higher Education, EDUCAUSE; https://library.educause.edu/-/media/files/library/2020/6/dx2020.pdf

Connell, W. J., Hamlin-Black M. (2019). Artificial Intelligence and Legal Education, in: The Computer and Internet Lawyer, Vol.36, No.5,. Aspen Publishers Inc, Boston, MA,, https://williamjconnell.com/books/research/Artificial%20Intelligence%20and%20Legal%20Education%20%20May%202019%20Article.pdf

Ferarri, A.; Punie Y., Brecko B.(eds) (2013). DigComp: A Framework for Developing and Understanding Digital Competence in Europe, EC Joint Research Centre, EU Publications Office, Luxembourg; https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC83167;

Hannon, V., Thomas L., Ward S., Beresford T.(2019). Local Learning Ecosystems: Emerging Models, WISE-World Education Summit for Education, Qatar Foundation, Innovation Unit, 2019, https://www.wise-qatar.org/app/uploads/2019/05/wise_report-rr.1.2019-web.pdf

Hanover Research (2017). Best Practices in Building a Digital Learning Environment, Arlington, Virginia; https://distancelearning.sbcss.net/images/documents/Best_Practices_in_Building_A_Digital_Learning_Environment.pdf

Hirsh, K.J., Miller W. (2004). Law School Education in the 21st Century: Adding Information Technology Instruction to the Curriculum, William & Mary Law School Bill of Rights Journal 873/Vol.12 (3)2004, , Virginia; https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1264&context=wmborj

Janusewski, A., Molenda M. (2008). Educational Technology, Association for Educational Communication and Technology, Routledge, NY/London; https://books.google.de/books?id=0KnYIgZfxRwC&pg=PA1&...

Kampylis, P., Punie Y., Devine J. (2015). Promoting Effective Digital-Age Learning -A European Framework for Digitally-Competent Educational Organisations, EU Publications Office, Luxembourg, 2015; https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC98209/jrc98209_r_digcomporg_final.pdf

Kluzer, S. (2015). Guidelines on the adoption of DigComp, Telecentre Europe, Ervet/Italy, Brussels; https://all-digital.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/TE-Guidelines-on-the-adoption-of-DIGCOMP_Dec2015.pdf

Laanpere, M., Pata K., Normak P., Põldoja H. (2014). Pedagogy-driven Design of Digital Learning Ecosystems, in: Computer Science and Information Systems vol.11 (1) 2014, ComSIS Consortium, Novi Sad; pp.419–442; https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1820-0214/2014/1820-02141400015L.pdf

Means, B., Bakia, M., Murphy, R. (2014). Learning Online, Routledge, New York; https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203095959/...

Mirrlees T., Alvi Sh. (2019). EdTech Inc: Selling, Automating and Globalizing Higher Education in the Digital Age, Routledge, NY; https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429343940

Perlman, A. (2022). The Implications of ChatGPT for Legal Services and Society (5.11..2022), Suffolk University Law School Research Paper No. 22-14, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4294197

Pettersson, F. (2021). Understanding digitalization and educational change in school by means of activity theory and the levels of learning concept, In: Education and Information Technologies, 26/2021 (pp.187–204), Springer; https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-020-10239-8.pdf

Pistone, M. (2015). Law Schools and Technology: Where we are and where we are heading, In: Journal of Legal Education, Vol.64, No.4 (2015), 586-604, Association of American Law Schools; https://jle.aals.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1297&context=home

Redecker, C, Punie, Y. (eds).(2017). European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators: DigCompEdu, JRC/Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, EU Publications Office, Luxembourg, 2017, https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC107466

Ryan, F., Mcfaul, H. (2020). Innovative technologies in UK legal education. In: Key Directions in Legal Education National and International Perspectives (eds. E. Jones, F. Cownie), Routledge, Abingdon (67-79); https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429448065

Satre M. (2022). Immersive Extended Reality in Education: Adoption and Diffusion of Learning Technology, In: Ramlatchan M, Parsons M, Soldani M, Joswick Mendoza J, Satre M, Spitz B, Bundy J, Kline A. (2022) Instructional Systems Design and the Diffusion and Adoption of Technology (Vol.1), Ch.5, 75-106, ODU Digital Commons, Norfolk, Virginia; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/distancelearning_books/4/

Storr, Ch., McGrath C. (2023). In search of the evidence: digital learning in legal education, a scoping review, In: The Law Teacher, 57(2), Routledge (119-134), https://doi.org/10.1080/03069400.2022.2133212

Thomson, D. I. C. (2008). Law School 2.0, In: Law School 2.0: Legal Education for a Digital Age (ed. D.I.C. Thomson, University of Denver Research Paper No. 08-27 (13 July 2008); LexisNexis, Reed Elsevier Properties Inc, Matthew Bender & Company Inc.; https://ssrn.com/abstract=1162928

van Gelder, J-L. (2023). Virtual Reality for Criminologists: A Road Map, in: Crime and Justice Journal, Vol.52/2023, University of Chicago Press; https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/726691

Vuorikari, R., Kluzer, S., Punie, Y. (2022). DigComp 2.2: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens, EU Publications Office, Luxembourg; https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC128415

Wagner, E. (2018). What is this thing called Instructional Design? In: Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology: Historical roots and Current trends, R. E. West (ed). EdTech Books; https://edtechbooks.org/pdfs/print/lidtfoundations/what_is_instructional_design.pdf

Weinberger, L. (2021). Keep Distance Education for Law Schools: Online Education, Pandemic, and Access to Justice, Loyola Uni. Chicago Law Journal, Vol.53(1) 2021; https://lawecommons.luc.edu/luclj/vol53/iss1/7

Wheeler, S. (2012). E-Learning and Digital Learning. In: Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston (1109-1111); https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_431

Williams K., Ubachs G., Bacsich P. (2015). Handbook for Quality in e-learning procedures, European Association of Distance Teaching Universities (Supporting Quality in E-learning European Networks 2013-2015); https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279059610_Handbook_for_Quality_in_e-learning_procedures

Working Group on Distance Learning in Legal Education (2015). Distance Learning in Legal Education: Design, Delivery and Recommended Practices; https://www.cali.org/sites/default/files/WorkingGroupDistanceLearningLegalEducation2015_PDF.pdf

Zawacki-Richter, O, Jung I.(eds).(2022). Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, Springer, Singapore; https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_41

Ignjatović, G (2022). Systemic Agency in Education in Extraordinary Circumstances: Challenges encountered by LF Niš during the Covid-19 pandemic and opportunities for developing systemic agency in legal education, in: Zbornik radova pravnog fakulteta u Nišu/Collection of Papers of the Law Faculty in Niš, Vol.61 br.97 (65-97); http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/zbornik/sadrzaj/zbornici/z97/04z97.pdf

Mitrović, Đ. (2017). Na putu ka blagostanju 4.0– Digitalizacija i Srbiji, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Beograd, Maj 2017, https://www.academia.edu/38799730/NA_PUTU_KA_BLAGOSTANJU_4_0_Digitalizacija_u_Srbiji

Ognjanović, Z. (2002). Nacionalni centar za digitalizaciju, Review of the National Center for Digitization, Vol.1/2002, Matematički institut SANU, http://elib.mi.sanu.ac.rs/files/journals/ncd/1/d002download.pdf

Policy Documents, Learning Frameworks and Standards

EADTU/European Association of Distance Teaching Universities (2016) Quality Assessment for E-learning: a Benchmarking Approach, 3rd ed.(eds. K.Kear, J.Rosewell), Maastricht, the Netherlands (p.1-163); https://e-xcellencelabel.eadtu.eu/images/E-xcellence_manual_2016_third_edition.pdf

EADTU (2022). The sixth Envisioning Report for Empowering Universities (Nr.6), ed.G.Ubachs, EADTU, Maastricht, the Netherlands; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6511424

EC/European Commission (2010). A Digital Agenda for Europe, COM/2010/245, Brussels,19.5.2010, Communication from the EC to the EP, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0245:FIN:EN:PDF

EC/European Commission (2020). Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027, European Union (2020) https://education.ec.europa.eu/focus-topics/digital-education/action-plan

EP/EC (2006). Recommendation of the EP and the Council on Key Competences (2006/962/EC), Official Journal EU, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:394:0010:0018:en:PDF

ENQA (2015). Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area, European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA), European Students’ Union (ESU), European University Association (EUA), European Association of Institutions in Higher Education (EURASHE), Brussels; https://www.enqa.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ESG_2015.pdf

NSQ/National Standards for Quality USA (2007). National Standards for Quality Online Programs, Courses and Teaching, https://www.nsqol.org/the-standards/quality-online-programs/; https://www.nsqol.org/the-standards/quality-online-courses; https://www.nsqol.org/the-standards/quality-online-teaching/; QM, DLC, VLLA.

OECD (2019). Future of Education and Skills 2030, Conceptual learning framework: Learning Compass 2030, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/teaching-and-learning/learning/learning-compass-2030/OECD_Learning_Compass_2030_concept_note.pdf

OECD Edu (2020). Digital Strategies in Education across OECD countries: Exploring education policies on digital technologies, OECD Directorate for Education and Skills,Working Paper No.226, 14.9.2020; https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=EDU/WKP(2020)14&docLanguage=En

QAA/Quality Assurance Agency for H.Education UK (2020). Building a Taxonomy for Digital Learning, https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/guidance/building-a-taxonomy-for-digital-learning.pdf?sfvrsn=36b4cf81_27

P21/Partnership for 21st Century Learning (2009). Framework for 21st Century Learning, Partnership for 21st Century Learning, Washington DC; https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519462.pdf

UNICEF (2021). Digital Learning for every child: Closing the gaps for an inclusive and prosperous future, https://www.unicef.org/media/113896/file/Digital%20Learning%20for%20Every%20Child.pdf

Ministarstvo prosvete RS/Ministry of Education RS (2019). Okvir digitalnih kompetencija-Nastavnik za digitalno doba (Digital Competence Framework:Teacher for a Digital Age), Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehn.razvoja; https://prosveta.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Okvir-digitalnih-kompetencija-Final-1.pdf

Vlada RS/Government RS (2021). Strategija razvoja obrazovanja i vaspitanja u Republici Srbiji do 2030 (National Strategy for the Development of Education in the Republic of Serbia by 2030), Službeni glasnik RS, br.63/2021, https://prosveta.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SROVRS-2030-1.pdf

Online Sources

AECT (2024). A new definition of Educational Technology, Accociation for Educational Communications and Technology/AECT Definition and Terminology Committee, https://aect.org/news_manager.php?page=17578

Brennen, J.S., Kreiss D. (2014): Digitalization and Digitization, Culture Digitally (8 Sept.2014), https://culturedigitally.org/2014/09/digitalization-and-digitization (accessed 5.6.2023)

BPP University (2023). AI in Law: technology in legal education and profession, 20 Oct. 2023, https://www.bpp.com/insights/ai-in-law

BSD XR/Bitspace Development (2024). Custom Law Enforcement VR Training Simulations, https://www.bitspacedevelopment.com/industry/law-enforcement

BUSE/Wilucki (2023).Working in the Metaverse: What legal issues do virtual and augmented reality create? A.von Wilucki, https://buse.de/en/blog-en/labor-law/working-metaverse-legal-issues-virtual-augmented-reality-create/

CIPD (2021). Digital Learning in a post-COVID-19 economy: a literature review, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London; https://www.cipd.org/globalassets/media/knowledge/knowledge-hub/reports/

digital-learning-literature-review-report-2_tcm18-89290.pdf

CAST (2018). Universal Design for Learning Guidelines (version 2.2), http://udlguidelines.cast.org

Conrads, J., Rasmussen M., Winters N., Geniet A., Langer L. (2017). Digital Education Policies in Europe and Beyond, (eds. Ch. Redecker, P. Kampylis, M. Bacigalupo, Y.Punie), EC Joint Research Centre, Publication Office EU, Luxembourg, 2017; https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC109311

Columbia Engineering (2023). Artificial Intelligence (AI) vs. Machine Learning, Columbia University, New York; https://ai.engineering.columbia.edu/ai-vs-machine-learning/ (accessed 5.6.2023)

CUP (2021). Cambridge Dictionary: Analogue; https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/analogue

OUP (2021). Oxford Dictionary: Analogue, https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/7029?redirectedFrom=analogue#eid; Digital divide; https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/52611#eid6774712. (accessed 5.6.2023)

Educational Technology (2015). Instructional Design Models and Theories, by S. Kurt (updated 17 Feb.2017); https://educationaltechnology.net/instructional-design-models-and-theories/ (accessed 30.9.2022).

Educational Technology (2023). SAMR Model: Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition, by S. Kurt, 2023; https://educationaltechnology.net/samr-model-substitution-augmentation-modification-and-redefinition/

Henderikx, P., Ubachs, G., Antonaci, A. (2022). Models and guidelines for the design and development of teaching/learning in digital higher education, Bloom Hub (2022), https://bloomhub.eu/2022/11/10/models-and-guidelines-for-the-design-and-development-of-digital-teaching-and-learning-in-higher-education-2/

IFour (2024). AR and VR: Modernizing the Legal Sector; https://www.ifourtechnolab.com/blog/ar-and-vr-modernizing-the-legal-sector-in-9-ways

I-Scoop.eu (2021): What is digital transformation?; https://www.i-scoop.eu/digital-transformation/

Law ChatGPT (2023). Meet Law ChatGPT, https://lawchatgpt.com; 6 Ways of using Law ChatGPT, https://lawchatgpt.com/blog/6-ways-to-use-law-chatgpt-for-legal-studies

Learning Ladders (2021).What is a Virtual Learning Environment? https://www.learningladders.info/blog/what-is-a-vle/

Northeastern University (2023).What is XR? (26 April 2023), https://xr.northeastern.edu/2023/04/26/what-is-xr

OECD (2023a). OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030, https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/about/

OECD (2023b). Country Digital Education Ecosystems and Governance, A companion to Digital Education Outlook 2023; https://www.oecd.org/education/country-digital-education-ecosystems-and-governance-906134d4-en.htm

P&SN/Police & Security News (2020). The New Reality: How VR, AR and MR Impact Law Enforcement Training,; https://policeandsecuritynews.com/2020/09/14/the-new-reality-how-virtual-reality-vr-augmented-reality-ar-and-mixed-reality-mr-impact-law-enforcement-training/

Sutori/Seaton (2021). The history of educational technology, S.L.Seaton; https://www.sutori.com/story/the-history-of-educational-technology-relating-to-language-acquisition--MB9wdKRNMaNQJA2eLhDPBmVD (3.2.2022)

UNESCO (2023). AI and the Futures of Learning, https://www.unesco.org/en/digital-education/ai-future-learning

Matijašević, J., Carić M., Škorić S. (2021). Online nastava u visokom obrazovanju - prednosti, nedostaci i izazovi, in: XXVII Skup-Trendovi Razvoja: On-line nastava na univerzitetima, Novi Sad,.2021, (p.165-169), http://www.trend.uns.ac.rs/stskup/trend_2021/TREND2021-zbormik-radova.pdf

Počuča M., Matijašević J., Zarubica, S. (2021). Iskustva i stavovi studenata Pravnog fakulteta povodom online nastave i primene Microsoft Teams platforme, in: XXVII Skup-Trendovi Razvoja: “On-line nastava na univerzitetima, Novi Sad,.2021, (p.39-42); http://www.trend.uns.ac.rs/stskup/trend_2021/radovi/T1.1/T1.1-6.pdf

Pravni fakultet u Nišu (2024). Computer and Information Center; http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/o-fakultetu/organizacija-fakulteta/naucno-istrazivacka-jedinica/racunarsko-informacioni-centar.html

Nova energija.net (2016). 1 Internet, 3 domena, 4 države: Istorija interneta u Srbiji; by J. Jovičić, 11.Jul 2016; http://www.novaenergija.net/1-internet-3-domena-4-drzave-istorija-interneta-u-srbiji-video

RTS/Radio Televizija Srbije (2016). Obrazovno-naučni program: 1 Internet, 3 domena, 4 države (video), 9 Jul 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1kJKTxCAqIE&t=637s

Online DigComp Instruments and Examples of Good Practice

Digital Competence.eu (2023a). Digital Competence Wheel, Center for Digital Dannelse Copenhagen, Denmark; https://digital-competence.eu/

Digital Competence.eu (2023b). DigCompEdu-Self Assessment tool for Educators, Center for Digital Dannelse, Copenhagen, Denmark, https://digital-competence.eu/digcompedu/en/survey/qid-8430

DQ Institute (2019). DQ/Digital Intelligence Global Standards Report 2019, DQ Institute, 2019; https://www.dqinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/DQGlobalStandardsReport2019.pdf

EC (2023a). Selfie for Schools, https://education.ec.europa.eu/selfie; Selfie for work-based learning, https://education.ec.europa.eu/selfie/selfie-for-work-based-learning

EC (2023b). Selfie for Teachers: https://educators-go-digital.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EC JRC (2023). Personal, Social, Learning to Learn competence framework for individuals (LifeComp), https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/lifecomp_en; Open Education framework for higher education institutions (OpenEdu), https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/what-open-education/openedu-framework-and-guidelines_en;

EC (2023). Online Dispute Resolution; https://ec.europa.eu/consumers/odr/main/?event=main.home2.show&lng=EN

EC (2020). Erasmus+ Virtual Exchanges; https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/programme-guide/part-b/key-action-1/virtual-exchanges

ECtHR (2023). HUDOC database, European Court of Human Rights, https://www.echr.coe.int/hudoc-database

E-Justice (2023). The European E-Justice Portal; https://e-justice.europa.eu/home?action=home&plang=en

EJTN (2023). European Judicial Training Network; https://ejtn.eu/about-us/ ; https://ejtn.eu/publications/

Eve.legal (2023) Introducing Eve (AI case assistant); https://www.eve.legal/ ; https://www.eve.legal/blogs/introducing-eve

Harvard University (2024). Professional and Life-long Learning (HU open courses), https://pll.harvard.edu/; Harvard Heritage, https://edib.harvard.edu/heritage-months; Harvard University Press, https://www.hup.harvard.edu/

HLS/Harvard Law School (2024). Preserving Legal Heritage; https://exhibits.law.harvard.edu/preserving-legal-heritage; HLS Digital Collections, https://library.harvard.edu/digital-collections;

Lund University, Faculty of Law (2024). MOOCs: AI and Law; https://www.law.lu.se/study/mooc-massive-open-online-courses; available via Coursera: https://www.coursera.org/learn/ai-law

Leo Cussen Centre for Law (2023), Virtual internships, Australia; https://www.leocussen.edu.au/virtual-legal-internships

Virtual Internships (2023). FAQs for Interns, UK; https://www.virtualinternships.com/interns/faqs

Michigan Online (2024a). Teach-outs, Centre for Academic Innovation, Michigan University; https://online.umich.edu/teach-outs/generative-ai-teach-out/; https://online.umich.edu/teach-outs/chatgpt-teach-out/

Michingan Online ( 2024b): XR Innovation Projects, https://ai.umich.edu/xr-innovation-projects/; AI online courses, https://ai.umich.edu/blog-posts/generative-ai-online-courses-michigan/

Michigan State University, College of Law (2024). Course Offerings in Technology and Innovation in Law; https://www.law.msu.edu/lawtech/Courses.html

Ross Intelligence (2016). AI Legal Assistant, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZF0J_Q0AK0E

PcW (2023): Emerging Technology: The new Essential 8 technologies, 15. Nov. 2023, https://www.pwc.com/us/en/tech-effect/emerging-tech/essential-eight-technologies.html

Amber Alert (2019). Amber Alert Factsheets, Oct.2019; https://amberalert.ojp.gov/library/amber-alert-fact-sheets

Learn.org (2023). Criminal Justice and Law Degrees, https://learn.org/directory/category/Legal_Studies.html

UKStudyonline.com (2023). Online Law Courses; https://www.ukstudyonline.com/subject/law/

RCUBeLearning (2024). Racunski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu- eLearning portal (RS Universities/Faculties using Moodle), https://elearning.rcub.bg.ac.rs/moodle/course/index.php?categoryid=59; RS Law Faculties using Moodle: LF Belgrade (https://lms.ius.bg.ac.rs/); LF Kragujevac (http://moodle.jura.kg.ac.rs/); Uni KM (https://elearning.pr.ac.rs/); LF for Commerce and Judiciary NS (https://moodle.pravni-fakultet.edu.rs); Law and Business Faculty LV (http://e-learn.flv.edu.rs/), University Union NT (https://moodle.unt.rs/); Uni Novi Sad -LF NS (https://sova.uns.ac.rs/).

Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja/NIQA (2023). Publikacije (publications in Serbian: Moodle (https://ceo.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/MOODLE-prirucnik.pdf); Gudelines for Online & Hybrid Learning (https://ceo.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/SMERNICE-%D0%9EnlajnHibridnaPripremnaNastava.pdf); Assessment in Digital Environment (https://ceo.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Ocenjivanje-u-digitalnom-okruzenju-F.pdf); Open Resources (https://ceo.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Otvoreni-obrazovni-resursi-ZVKOV-FNL-1.pdf); Critical Thinking (https://zuov.gov.rs/kriticko-misljenje-medijska-pismenost/).




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22190/FULP240305003I

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN 1450-5517 (Print)
ISSN 2406-1786 (Online)