AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR COUNTING CYCLES IN QC AND APM LDPC CODES

Abstract

In this paper, a new method is given for counting cycles in the Tanner graph of a (Type-I) quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) code which the complexity mainly is dependent on the base matrix, independent from the CPM-size of the constructed code. Interestingly, for large CPM-sizes, in comparison of the existing methods, this algorithm efficiently counts the cycles of any lengths in the Tanner graphs of QC-LDPC codes. In fact, the algorithm recursively counts the cycles in the paritycheck matrix column-by-column by finding all non-isomorph tailless backtrackless closed (TBC) walks in the base graph and enumerating theoretically their corresponding cycles in the same equivalent class. Moreover, this approach can be modified in few steps to find the cycle distributions of a class of LDPC codes based on Affine permutation matrices (APM-LDPC codes). Interestingly, unlike the existing methods which count the cycles up to 2g - 2, where g is the girth, the proposed algorithm can be used to enumerate the cycles of arbitrary length in the Tanner graph. Moreover, the proposed cycle searching algorithm improves upon various previously known methods, in terms of computational complexity and memory requirements.