Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach essential oil

Abstract

Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach (syn. Chrysanthemum coronarium L.) is a member of the Asteraceae plant family which has extensive edible, folk medicinal, insecticidal uses. Previously, an essential oil of flowerheads of C. coronarium from Spain was reported to contain camphor (29.2%), α-pinene (14.8%), β-pinene (9.5%), and lyratyl acetate (9.8%). The oil was shown to possess significant antifungal activity [1]. Also, the essential-oil composition and antimicrobial properties of C. coronarium from Ukraine were investigated. The major constituents were found to be chrysanthemyl acetate (24.4%), chrysanthemol (21.8%), chrysanthenyl acetate (7.6%), camphor (7.3%),
β-farnesene (5.9%), and α-bisabolol (5.6%). An ethanolic extract of the plant showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. [2]. Biological activities of the essential oil of C. coronarium from Jordan were also reported. The essential oil showed a significant antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Also, the oil showed moderate antioxidant activity, weak acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory and potent antiproliferative activities [3]. In the current study, the essential oil of the aerial parts of G. coronaria was obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h). The essential-oil composition was analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components of the essential oil from the aerial parts were capillene (54.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.8%). The current composition differed from the previously reported ones. Thus, G. coronaria originating from Istanbul belongs to a new chemotype of this species. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was investigated against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli DH5α) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. The essential oil showed a growth-inhibitory activity against E. coli (53.3%) and S. aureus (17.1%), tested at 75 mg/mL. The antimicrobial effects of the essential oil were more pronounced against Gram-negative bacteria.