THE MOST COMMON ERRORS IN ORIENTEERING AND THEIR RELATION TO GENDER, AGE AND COMPETITION EXPERIENCE
Abstract
Decision-making in orienteering takes place under extremely complex conditions: new and unfamiliar terrain, high physical and emotional load, numerous distractions, unfavorable weather conditions, short time intervals, no help from others. All that makes errors unavoidable. The aim of this exploratory field study was to establish the most frequent errors made by athletes, as well as their possible connection with gender, age and competitive experience. The research was performed on a sample of 130 orienteers of both sexes (79 men and 51 women), aged from 12 to 66, with competitive experience from 1 year to 42 years. To collect data, the UOG/2013 Questionnaire was used, and specially designed for that purpose. According to the obtained results, typical orienteering errors could be divided into two categories: technical (related to lack of orienteering techniques) and psychological (related to lack and implementation of psychological skills). On the basis of mean frequency level, five most typical errors were classified: “parallel or similar terrain errors“, “wasting a lot of time near the control despite of coming quickly into the control area“,“losing contact with the map and the terrain“, “running too fast which does not provide good map reading“, and “missing the first control point“. The research results confirm the existence of statistically significant differences in profiles of typical errors of orienteers of different sex, age and competition experience. As it turned out, the type of errors made by competitors was primarily influenced by their age, this information being of great importance to the trainer, enabling him to design the most effective training process for young orienteers, in order to reduce or eliminate errors.
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